pneumonitis, respiratory failure and even death, following talc pleurodesis. Nevertheless, there are concerns regarding the safety of talc, since severe side effects have been reported, e.g. Currently, the preferred agent is talc due to its effectiveness (success rates of almost 90%), low costs and easy availability. bleomycin, talc, silver nitrate (SN) and iodopovidone. Many sclerosing agents have been studied so far, e.g. Pleurodesis is one of the best options for symptom control in patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE). SN instillation causes substantial dose-dependent systemic inflammatory responses. Conclusion: Hypoxia was the most significant AE following SN pleurodesis mild metabolic events were very common. No significant difference was observed among groups regarding quality of life or clinical/radiological recurrence. C-reactive protein levels increased in a dose-dependent manner and peaked 48 h after pleurodesis.

Four patients died, 3 due to disease progression and in 1 patient death was possibly related to pleurodesis. Grade 3/4 hypoxia was observed in 13 patients. Grade 1/2 metabolic AE, such as increases in creatinine and liver enzymes, were the most frequent. Overall, 199 AE were observed, including 23 serious AE. Results: Sixty patients (11 males and 49 females, median age 62.13 years) were included. During follow-up, AE, inflammatory markers, quality of life and CT scans were systematically assessed and documented. Patients were discharged 3 days after the procedure, and returned to follow-up visits on days 10 and 30. The study patients underwent pleural catheter insertion and were randomly assigned to one of the three pleurodesis groups treated with 30 ml 0.3%, 30 ml 0.5% or 60 ml 0.3% SN. Methods: A double-blind, randomized, clinical trial was conducted in patients with recurrent MPE at a tertiary university hospital. The secondary objective was to evaluate systemic inflammation, efficacy and quality of life in these patients.

Objective: To evaluate frequent adverse events (AE) of SN treatment at three different doses for pleurodesis in patients with MPE. Nevertheless, SN complications have not been thoroughly investigated so far. Background: Silver nitrate (SN) is an alternative to talc pleurodesis in patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE).

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